I kekahi mau lā i hala aku nei, ua ʻōlelo ʻo Nguyen Jinchang, ka hope luna hoʻomalu o ka Vietnam Textile and Apparel Association, ʻo 2020 ka makahiki mua i loaʻa ai i nā mea lole a me nā lole o Vietnam kahi ulu maikaʻi ʻole o 10.5% i loko o 25 mau makahiki. ʻO ka nui o ka mea kūʻai aku he 35 biliona kālā US wale nō, he emi ʻana o 4 biliona kālā US mai ka 39 biliona kālā US i ka makahiki 2019. Eia nō naʻe, i loko o ke ʻano o ka nui o ke kālepa o ka ʻoihana lole a me nā lole honua e hāʻule ana mai US$740 biliona a i US$600 biliona, he emi ʻana o 22%, ʻo ka emi ʻana o kēlā me kēia mea hoʻokūkū ma ka laulā he 15%-20%, a ua hāʻule kekahi a hiki i ka 30% ma muli o ke kulekele hoʻokaʻawale. , ʻaʻole i hāʻule nui nā mea lole a me nā lole o Vietnam.

Ma muli o ka nele o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana a me ke kāpae ʻana i ka hana ʻana i ka makahiki 2020, ua kū ʻo Vietnam ma waena o nā mea hoʻokuʻu aku i nā lole a me nā lole kiʻekiʻe 5 ma ka honua. ʻO kēia kekahi kumu nui loa no ke kōkua ʻana i nā mea hoʻokuʻu aku i nā lole a me nā lole o Vietnam e noho mau i loko o nā mea hoʻokuʻu aku kiʻekiʻe 5 ʻoiai ka emi nui ʻana o nā mea hoʻokuʻu aku i nā lole.

Ma ka hōʻike a McKenzy (mc kenzy) i paʻi ʻia ma ka lā 4 o Dekemaba, ua kuhikuhi ʻia e emi ana ka loaʻa kālā o ka ʻoihana lole a me nā lole honua ma 93% i ka makahiki 2020. Ua panakalupa ma mua o 10 mau lama lole kaulana a me nā kaulahao lako ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, a he 20% ka nui o ke kaulahao lako lole o ka ʻāina. He ʻumi tausani kānaka i nele i ka hana. I ka manawa like, no ka mea, ʻaʻole i hoʻopau ʻia ka hana ʻana, ke hoʻomau nei ka ulu ʻana o ka mākeke o nā lole a me nā lole o Vietnam, e hōʻea ana i ka pae o 20% o ka mākeke US no ka manawa mua, a ua noho ʻo ia ma ke kūlana mua no nā mahina he nui.

Me ke komo ʻana o 13 mau ʻaelike kālepa manuahi, me EVFTA, ʻoiai ʻaʻole lawa lākou e hoʻopiha ai no ka emi ʻana, ua hoʻokani pū lākou i kahi kuleana koʻikoʻi i ka hōʻemi ʻana o nā kauoha.

Wahi a nā wānana, hiki i ka mākeke lole a me nā lole ke hoʻi i nā pae 2019 i ka hapaha ʻelua o 2022 a me ka hapaha ʻehā o 2023 ma ka hope loa. No laila, i ka makahiki 2021, ʻo ka paʻa ʻana i loko o ke ahulau e lilo mau ana i makahiki paʻakikī a kānalua. Ua puka mai nā ʻano hou he nui o ke kaulahao lako, e koi ana i nā ʻoihana lole a me nā lole e hoʻololi mālie.

ʻO ka mea mua, ua hoʻopiha ka nalu o nā hōʻemi kumukūʻai i ka mākeke, a ua pani nā huahana me nā kaila maʻalahi i ke ʻano. Ua alakaʻi pū kēia i ka nui o ka hiki ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, a me nā hiki hou ʻole ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, e hoʻonui ana i nā kūʻai pūnaewele a me ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā loulou waena.

Ma muli o kēia mau ʻano mākeke, ʻo ka pahuhopu kiʻekiʻe loa o ka ʻoihana lole a me nā lole o Vietnam i ka makahiki 2021 he 39 biliona kālā US, ʻo ia hoʻi he 9 mahina a 2 mau makahiki ka wikiwiki ma mua o ka mākeke maʻamau. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka pahuhopu kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ka pahuhopu maʻamau he 38 biliona kālā US ma nā mea hoʻokuʻu aku, no ka mea, pono mau ka ʻoihana lole a me nā lole i ke kākoʻo aupuni e pili ana i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka macro economy, ke kulekele kālā, a me nā uku paneʻe.

Ma ka lā 30 o Dekemaba, e like me ka Vietnam News Agency, ua kau inoa kūhelu nā ʻelele i ʻae ʻia (nā ʻelele) o nā aupuni Vietnamese a me Pelekane i ka Vietnam-UK Free Trade Agreement (UKVFTA) ma Ladana, UK.　　Ma mua, ma Dekemaba 11, 2020, ua kau inoa ke Kuhina ʻOihana a me ke Kālepa o Vietnam ʻo Chen Junying a me ke Kakauolelo Pelekane no ke Kālepa Honua ʻo Liz Truss i kahi memorandum o ka ʻike e hoʻopau i ke kūkākūkā ʻana o ka ʻaelike UKVFTA, e waiho ana i ke kahua no nā kaʻina hana kānāwai e pono ai no ke kau inoa kūhelu ʻana o nā ʻāina ʻelua.

I kēia manawa, ke wikiwiki nei nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua e hoʻopau i nā kaʻina hana kūloko e like me nā kānāwai a me nā lula o ko lākou mau ʻāina, e hōʻoia ana e hoʻokō koke ʻia ka ʻaelike mai ka hola 23:00 ma ka lā 31 o Dekemaba, 2020.

Ma ke ʻano o ka haʻalele kūhelu ʻana o UK mai ka EU a me ka pau ʻana o ka wā hoʻololi ma hope o ka puka ʻana o ka EU (Dekemaba 31, 2020), ʻo ke kau inoa ʻana o ka ʻaelike UKVFTA e hōʻoia i ka ʻole e hoʻopau ʻia ke kālepa bilateral ma waena o Vietnam a me UK ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka wā hoʻololi.

ʻAʻole wale ka ʻaelike UKVFTA e wehe i ke kālepa ʻana i nā waiwai a me nā lawelawe, akā hoʻokomo pū kekahi i nā kumu nui ʻē aʻe, e like me ka ulu ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ka hoʻomohala hoʻomau.

ʻO UK ke kolu o nā hoa kālepa nui loa o Vietnam ma ʻEulopa. Wahi a nā helu helu mai ka General Administration of Customs o Vietnam, i ka makahiki 2019, ua hiki aku ka huina o nā mea lawe mai a me nā mea hoʻokuʻu aku ma waena o nā ʻāina ʻelua i 6.6 biliona kālā US, a ua hiki aku ka nui o nā mea hoʻokuʻu aku i 5.8 biliona kālā US a ua hiki aku ka nui o nā mea hoʻokuʻu aku i 857 miliona kālā US. I ka wā mai 2011 a 2019, ʻo ka awelika o ka ulu makahiki o ka nui o ka lawe mai a me ka hoʻokuʻu aku o Vietnam a me Beritania he 12.1%, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka awelika o ka nui makahiki o Vietnam he 10%.

ʻO nā huahana nui a Vietnam e hoʻokuʻu aku ai i UK, ʻo ia nā kelepona paʻalima a me kā lākou mau ʻāpana ʻē aʻe, nā lole a me nā lole, nā kāmaʻa, nā huahana wai, nā huahana lāʻau a me nā huahana lāʻau, nā kamepiula a me nā ʻāpana, nā nati cashew, ke kope, ka pepa, a pēlā aku. ʻO nā mea i lawe ʻia mai e Vietnam mai UK mai, ʻo ia nā mīkini, nā lako, nā lāʻau lapaʻau, ke kila, a me nā kemika. ʻO nā mea i lawe ʻia mai a me nā mea i hoʻokuʻu aku ma waena o nā ʻāina ʻelua he mea hoʻokō ma mua o ka hoʻokūkū.

ʻO ka huina o nā waiwai i lawe ʻia mai e Beritania i kēlā me kēia makahiki he kokoke i US$700 biliona, a ʻo ka huina o nā waiwai i hoʻokuʻu ʻia aku e Vietnam i UK he 1% wale nō. No laila, nui nō ka lumi no nā huahana Vietnam e ulu ai ma ka mākeke UK.

Ma hope o Brexit, ʻaʻole e pili nā pono i lawe ʻia mai e ka "Vietnam-EU Free Trade Agreement" (EVFTA) i ka mākeke UK. No laila, ʻo ke kau inoa ʻana i kahi ʻaelike kālepa manuahi bilateral e hoʻokumu i nā kūlana kūpono no ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā hoʻoponopono hou, ka wehe ʻana i nā mākeke a me nā hana hoʻomaʻamaʻa kālepa ma ke kumu o ka hoʻoilina ʻana i nā hopena maikaʻi o nā kūkākūkā EVFTA.

Ua ʻōlelo ke Kuhina ʻOihana a me ke Kālepa o Vietnam ʻo kekahi mau waiwai me ka hiki ke ulu i waho ma ka mākeke UK e komo pū ana me nā lole a me nā lole. I ka makahiki 2019, lawe nui mai ʻo UK i nā lole a me nā lole mai Vietnam mai. ʻOiai ʻo Kina ka mea nona ka māhele mākeke nui loa ma ka mākeke UK, ua hāʻule ka nui o nā lole a me nā lole i hoʻokuʻu ʻia aku e ka ʻāina i UK ma 8% i nā makahiki ʻelima i hala. Ma waho aʻe o Kina, ʻo Bangladesh, Cambodia a me Pakistan e hoʻokuʻu aku i nā lole a me nā lole i UK. Loaʻa i kēia mau ʻāina kahi pōmaikaʻi ma mua o Vietnam ma ke ʻano o nā ʻauhau. No laila, ʻo ka ʻaelike kālepa manuahi ma waena o Vietnam a me United Kingdom e lawe mai i nā ʻauhau makemake, kahi e kōkua ai i nā waiwai Vietnamese e loaʻa kahi pōmaikaʻi hoʻokūkū me nā mea hoʻokūkū ʻē aʻe.